⚖️ TOP 10 LANDMARK CONTEMPT CASES (WITH CITATIONS)
🔰 1. E.M.S. Namboodiripad v. T.N. Nambiar
📚 Citation: (1970) 2 SCC 325
⚖️ મુદ્દો:
- જજ પર જાહેર ટીકા
🧑⚖️ નિર્ણય:
- કોર્ટએ કહ્યું:
👉 Fair criticism allowed, but scandalising court not allowed
📌 Principle:
Freedom of speech ≠ licence to defame judiciary
🔰 2. Baradakanta Mishra v. Registrar of Orissa High Court
📚 Citation: (1974) 1 SCC 374
⚖️ મુદ્દો:
- કોર્ટ વિરુદ્ધ અપમાનજનક પત્ર
🧑⚖️ નિર્ણય:
- Contempt established
📌 Principle:
👉 Intention irrelevant if act lowers authority of court
🔰 3. In Re: Arundhati Roy
📚 Citation: (2002) 3 SCC 343
⚖️ મુદ્દો:
- Court order સામે aggressive affidavit
🧑⚖️ નિર્ણય:
- Contempt conviction
📌 Principle:
👉 Scandalising court = Criminal Contempt
🔰 4. Supreme Court Bar Association v. Union of India
📚 Citation: (1998) 4 SCC 409
⚖️ મુદ્દો:
- Contempt power limits
🧑⚖️ નિર્ણય:
- SC cannot suspend advocate licence directly
📌 Principle:
👉 Contempt power ≠ unlimited power
🔰 5. P.N. Duda v. P. Shiv Shankar
📚 Citation: (1988) 3 SCC 167
⚖️ મુદ્દો:
- Political speech against judiciary
🧑⚖️ નિર્ણય:
- No contempt
📌 Principle:
👉 Fair and reasonable criticism allowed
🔰 6. Indirect Tax Practitioners Association v. R.K. Jain
📚 Citation: (2010) 8 SCC 281
⚖️ મુદ્દો:
- Criticism of tribunal functioning
🧑⚖️ નિર્ણય:
- No contempt
📌 Principle:
👉 Bona fide criticism protected
🔰 7. Prashant Bhushan Contempt Case
📚 Citation: (2021) 1 SCC 745
⚖️ મુદ્દો:
- Tweets against judiciary
🧑⚖️ નિર્ણય:
- Contempt held
📌 Principle:
👉 Social media statements = Contempt possible
🔰 8. Sahara India Real Estate Corp. v. SEBI
📚 Citation: (2012) 10 SCC 603
⚖️ મુદ્દો:
- Media trial
🧑⚖️ નિર્ણય:
- Courts can postpone publication
📌 Principle:
👉 Fair trial > Media freedom
🔰 9. State of Gujarat v. Secretary, Labour Social Welfare Tribunal
📚 Citation: GLR (approx reference)
⚖️ મુદ્દો:
- Court order non-compliance
🧑⚖️ નિર્ણય:
- Civil contempt established
📌 Principle:
👉 सरकारी અધિકારીઓ પણ જવાબદાર
🔰 10. Mahipal Singh Rana v. State of Uttar Pradesh
📚 Citation: (2016) 8 SCC 335
⚖️ મુદ્દો:
- Advocate misconduct
🧑⚖️ નિર્ણય:
- Courts can act for maintaining discipline
📌 Principle:
👉 Court dignity must be protected
⚖️ 🔑 CONSOLIDATED LEGAL PRINCIPLES
✔️ 1. Fair Criticism Allowed
✔️ 2. Scandalising Court = Contempt
✔️ 3. Social Media પણ Contempt હેઠળ આવે
✔️ 4. Government Authorities પણ જવાબદાર
✔️ 5. Contempt Power Limited but Strong
🧾 EXAM READY ONE-LINER
👉
“Contempt jurisdiction is a balance between protecting judicial authority and preserving freedom of speech.”