Cognizance & Process Under CRPC For Exam Purpose & Practice Aspect – With Judgment

Short Summary of CRPC For Exams & Practice Aspect for Lawyers & Dias tool of JMFC  

• • Cognizance & Process 
• Section 190(1)(a) :- Cognizance of Offence upon complaint
• Section 190(1)(b) :- Cognizance upon Police Report.
  • Magistrate can proceed against accused not charge sheeted
    • Rajinder Prasad Vs. Bashir and Ors. AIR 2001 SC 3524
  • Trial is not vitiated if the cognizance is valid
    • H.N.Rishbud and Inder Singh Vs. The State of Delhi AIR 1955 SC 196
• Section 190 :- Notice to informant is necessary if cognizance is not taken chittaranjan
  • Mirdha Vs. Dulal Ghosh and Anr. (2009) 6 SCC 661 
•  Section 190(1)(c) :- Cognizance on other than police report or upon Magistrate's Own Knowledge
• Section 190 :- Magistrate can take cognizance against other accused on subsequent date alsao
  • Vijay Kant Thakur and Anr. Vs. State of Bihar and Anr. 2010 Cri.L.J.4190 
• Section 191 :- Transfer of Case at the instance of the accused in case of Section 190 (1) (c), Cr.PC
• Section 195 (1) :- Bar to Take Cognizance of certain offences except on the complaint by competent public servant.
• Section 197 :- No Cognizance against public servants and judges without prior sanction
  • No Cognizance against public servants and judges without prior sanction. (See. AIR1956 SC 44 & AIR 1998 SC 1524 = Whether sanction is necessary or not may depend from stage to stage)

Private Complain :=-

• Section 200 : Examination of Complainant and witnesses present and obtain their signatures.
• Section 201 (a) :- Return of complaint for presentation before proper court.
• Section 202 :- Police Investigation order.
  • Unless S. 156(3) in invoked, first examine the complainant and the witnesses present.
    • AIR 1980 SC 1780 Kewal Kishan Vs. Surajbhan - Sessions Triable offence do not order police investigation u/s 202
• Section 204(1)(a) :- Process of summons in summons case.
• Section 204(1)(b) :- Process of summons or warrant in warrant case.
• No Restoration of dismissed complaint by Magistrate AIR 1986 SC 1440
• Section 210 :- Procedure in case of a complaint case and simultaneous police investigation.
  • If police already started investigation stop the inquiry/trial of the complaint till completion of investigation. if charge sheet is filed and cognizance is taken try together both the cases as if it were case on police report. if the police report does not relate to any accused in the complaint case or if the Magistrate does not take cognizance of any offence on the police report, he shall proceed with the inquiry or trial
• Magistrate shall issue notice to the complainant before issuing B Final to Police.
• Special Summons
  • Section 206 :- Special Summons in petty offences i.e. Pun With fine not more than Rs. 1000
  • Similar : S. 208 M.V. Act and 151A of Bom.Police Act Etc)
  • Section 253 :- Conviction on Pleading guilty in special summons.